North American LNG 2003: Regulatory and Developmental Update, outlines the current market for LNG imports and recent
developments which will facilitate the construction of LNG import terminals and related infrastructure in Mexico, the Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas and the Continental US.
North American LNG 2003: Regulatory and Developmental Update
North American LNG opportunities have never been more attractive.
Regulatory and market developments at the close of 2002, combined with recent technology and infrastructure improvements, and rising natural gas prices, have made the importation of greater amounts of LNG a realistic and cost effective supply alternative.
This study offers a concise update on:
The FERC`s changing view of LNG “open season” and “open access” regulations and its implication for import terminal development and operation
US Coast Guard opinions pertaining to the reactivation and expansion of US LNG terminal assets and the licensing of new deepwater LNG ports
A full text translation of long awaited Government safety standards for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of Mexican LNG terminals
A look at gas market fundamentals, supply/demand and price forecasts, and infrastructure development to import and distribute regassified LNG in the US market
North American LNG 2003, provides a critical update on North American LNG markets and is an invaluable tool for organizations requiring information to make informed decisions for the allocation of investment capital or considering entering into long-term natural gas supply or purchase agreements.
These groups include those: Trading or supplying natural gas in North America Involved with the financing and development of LNG infrastructure projects Utilities and NUGs who consume natural gas to generate electric power Large industrial and commercial end users of natural gas
For a complete index of this report click on http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/16355
Report Index:
Introduction 6 Existing Import Terminals 6 North American gas market fundamentals 10 US Demand 10 US Natural Gas Prices 12 US LNG Demand 12 Mexican Demand 16 Worldwide Demand 17 North American LNG developments 19 FERC Regulatory 19 Mexican Safety Regulations 21 US Coast Guard 23 Update on proposed North American LNG projects 27 Proposed North American LNG Terminal Projects – Mexico 27 Proposed North American LNG Terminal Projects – Mexican Central Pacific Region 32 Proposed North American LNG Terminal Projects – Mexican Gulf Coast 32 Proposed North American LNG Terminal Projects – US Gulf Region 33 Proposed North American LNG Terminal Projects – US West Coast 34 Proposed North American LNG Terminal Projects – Bahamas 35 Project opposition 37 Public Opinion 37 LNG economics 39 New Import Terminal Cost Considerations 40 Conclusions 43 Mexican safety requirements for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of LNG storage plants (NOM-EM-001- SECRE-2002) 45
FIGURES Figure 1: US Natural Gas Production, 1990-2003 11 Figure 2: US Henry Hub Natural Gas Prices, 1990-2001 12 Figure 3: US LNG Sector Demand, 2015 13 Figure 4: US LNG Imports, 2000-2020 14 Figure 5: US LNG Price Forecast, 2000 – 2020 15 Figure 6: Mexican Natural Gas Consumption (tcf) 17 Figure 7: Height and Retaining Wall Distance Requirements 53
TABLES Table 1: Source of US LNG Imports (bcf), 1995-2000 15 Table 2: Proposed North American LNG Receiving Terminals 28 Table 3: Basic LNG Economics 40 Table 4: Design Spill 56 Table 5: Distances Between Containment Areas And Buildings And Property Boundaries 57 Table 6: Allowable/Acceptable Stress On Reinforcing Rods 69 Table 7: Environmental Factors 73
Ever increasing US energy demand is placing a corresponding pressure on existing domestic supplies. This trend of increasing demand is expected to continue for the foreseeable future and has been the primary driver behind securing additional energy supplies from both domestic and international sources. While the US has been importing a substantial amount (more than 50%) of its crude oil requirements from foreign sources for several decades, natural gas demand has mostly been meet from domestic supplies.
However, domestic supplies of natural gas are beginning to tighten due to increased demand from electric utilities, industrial, commercial and residential consumers and falling productivity from existing natural gas fields. Increased demand and dwindling supplies have led to significant natural gas price volatility with pricing ranging between $2.00 mmcf to $10.00 per mmcf over the past 2 years, with a steady upward movement in price.
Technological advances have been pushing costs throughout the LNG supply chain lower making it a much more attractive investment. All of these conditions have created an environment favorable for LNG importation.
While LNG only currently accounts for approximately 5 percent of the world’s gas consumption, the United States consumes about 1 percent of this usage. In 2000, the US imported 226 billion cubic feet of LNG. This is miniscule when compared to Japan, which imported 2.6 trillion cubic feet the same year. Imports of LNG into the US have been steadily increasing, but are now becoming constrained by the existing import terminal capacity. While international supplies of natural gas and LNG are plentiful, the capacity of US import facilities limits the amount of gas that can be received and regassified.
Existing Import Terminals In order to import LNG, specialized terminals are required for the safe handling, to regassify and distribute the natural gas. The US currently has four functioning LNG import terminals – located on the US East and Gulf Coasts with a total capacity of 2.4 bcf/d and one export terminal -located in Alaska.
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REPORT DATA SUMMARY:
North American LNG 2003: Regulatory and Developmental Update Publisher Name: Utilis Energy, LLC Date Published: 30/01/03 Category: Energy & Natural Resources URL: www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/16355
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